Iran: Declaration by the High Representative on behalf of the EU on the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPoA), following latest Iranian activities

The EU reiterates its strong commitment to and continued support for the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. The JCPoA is a key element of the global nuclear non-proliferation architecture and an achievement of multilateral diplomacy, endorsed unanimously by the UN Security Council through resolution 2231.

We deeply regret the worrying steps taken by Iran over the last two years and recall that the EU has repeatedly called on Iran to reverse all actions that are inconsistent with Iran’s JCPoA commitments. The initiation of uranium enrichment to up to 20% by Iran at the underground Fordow Fuel Enrichment Plant, which was confirmed by the IAEA on 4 January, is a very serious development and a matter of deep concern. Iran’s action is also inconsistent with the JCPoA’s clear provisions on Fordow and has potentially severe proliferation implications. At this critical juncture, Iran’s action also risks undermining efforts aimed at building upon the existing diplomatic process. We urge Iran to refrain from further escalation and reverse this course of action without delay. Continued full and timely cooperation with the IAEA remains critical.

We acknowledge the issues arising from the unilateral withdrawal of the United States from the agreement and the re-imposition of its sanctions. The EU has upheld its JCPoA commitments, including regarding sanctions lifting as foreseen in the Agreement. Despite the severe challenges to the JCPoA, the EU has continued to work hard to preserve it. We take note of the Ministerial statement of JCPoA Participants of 21 December 2020. We express support for the ongoing diplomatic efforts in the framework of the Joint Commission, with the EU High Representative as its coordinator, to ensure full JCPoA implementation. In this context, we also express our support to intensive diplomacy with the goal of facilitating a US return to the JCPoA and Iran’s return to full JCPoA implementation.

We welcome President-elect Biden’s positive statements on the JCPoA, and look forward to working with the incoming US-Administration.




ESAs' Joint Board of Appeal dismissed appeal by Scope Ratings GmbH against the European Securities and Markets Authority

The Joint Board of Appeal of the European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs – European Banking Authority, European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority, and European Securities and Markets Authority) unanimously decided to dismiss the appeal brought by the credit rating agency Scope Ratings GmbH against the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) in relation to the interpretation of the applicable legal provisions of the Credit Rating Agencies (CRA) Regulation.

Central to this appeal is the appellant’s 2015 covered bond methodology, its application in the context of unsolicited ratings issued by the Appellant in 2015, and the Appellant’s subsequent amendment of this methodology in 2016. 
On 28 August 2020, the appellant challenged the Decision of the ESMA Board of Supervisors of 28 May 202 0, and published on ESMA’s website on 4 June 2020, which had (a) found that Scope Ratings infringed points 43 of Section I, 3a and 3b of Section II and 4a of Section III of Annex III of the CRA Regulation, (b) adopted a supervisory measure in the form of a public notice pursuant to Article 24 of the CRA Regulation and (c) imposed on Scope Ratings a fine pursuant to Article 36a of the CRA Regulation.

The Board of Appeal unanimously decided to dismiss the appeal. In particular, the Board of Appeal found that ESMA did not err in law in its interpretation of the applicable legal provisions of the CRA Regulation.




Press release – Trade MEPs promise thorough scrutiny of the EU-UK agreement

At the first discussion of the EU-UK trade and partnership agreement concluded on 24 December 2020, MEPs welcomed that it had avoided the cliff edge of a no-deal that would have brought a disaster for citizens and companies. Several of them, including Heidi Hautala (Greens/EFA, FI), said the outcome was “more satisfactory” than expected. Co-rapporteur on the consent procedure Christophe Hansen (EPP, LU) stressed: “this was first time we were organising a divorce not a wedding as we usually do for trade agreement”.

Divergence not convergence

Liesje Schreinemacher (Renew, NL) and other MEPs welcomed, in particular, the inclusion of standards in environmental protection, climate change and the labour area that cannot be undercut, the prohibition of data localisation, while trade committee chair Bernd Lange (DE, S&D) hailed the first sustainability chapter in EU trade deals that offers sanctions.

While welcoming the “divergence not convergence” free trade agreement for guaranteeing tariff-free access to the UK market while protecting the Single Market, MEPs nevertheless regretted that Parliament did not have time to consider its consent before the agreement went into provisional application. “This was a strategy by the UK to get last-minute concessions, and not to have their parliament to have a proper say. We would have preferred a proper ratification”, remarked Hansen.

Thorough scrutiny and loose ends

The committee will now scrutinize thoroughly the agreement including its “loose ends” instead of mere rubber-stamping, pledged several trade MEPs including Kathleen Van Brempt (S&D, BE). They regretted, for example, the UK not participating in the Erasmus+ program, or the lack of a deeper agreement on financial services. Other MEPs missed a regime on future Geographical Indications to protect European products.

Parliamentary role in implementation

Most MEPs insisted that democratically elected institutions like Parliament must have a role in the implementation and monitoring of the agreement or the selection of arbitration panel members. Geert Bourgeois (ECR, BE) emphasized the future role of an interparliamentary body in maintaining dialogue, while Helmut Scholz (GUE/NGL, DE) called for a role of trade unions and NGOs in arbitration of fair competition violations.

Next steps

The trade committee will discuss the agreement together with the Committee on Foreign Affairs on 14 January. The two committees will eventually vote on the consent proposal and an accompanying resolution prepared by the two rapporteurs Hansen and Kati Piri (S&D, NL) at the end of February or in March.

Background

The Trade and Cooperation agreement has been provisionally applied since 1 January 2021. For it to enter into force permanently, it needs the consent of the Parliament.




ESAs' Joint Board of Appeal dismissed appeal by Scope Ratings GmbH against the European Securities and Markets Authority

The Joint Board of Appeal of the European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs – European Banking Authority, European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority, and European Securities and Markets Authority) unanimously decided to dismiss the appeal brought by the credit rating agency Scope Ratings GmbH against the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) in relation to the interpretation of the applicable legal provisions of the Credit Rating Agencies (CRA) Regulation.

Central to this appeal is the appellant’s 2015 covered bond methodology, its application in the context of unsolicited ratings issued by the Appellant in 2015, and the Appellant’s subsequent amendment of this methodology in 2016.

On 28 August 2020, the appellant challenged the Decision of the ESMA Board of Supervisors of 28 May 2020, and published on ESMA’s website on 4 June 2020, which had (a) found that Scope Ratings infringed points 43 of Section I, 3a and 3b of Section II and 4a of Section III of Annex III of the CRA Regulation, (b) adopted a supervisory measure in the form of a public notice pursuant to Article 24 of the CRA Regulation and (c) imposed on Scope Ratings a fine pursuant to Article 36a of the CRA Regulation.

The Board of Appeal unanimously decided to dismiss the appeal. In particular, the Board of Appeal found that ESMA did not err in law in its interpretation of the applicable legal provisions of the CRA Regulation.




Intervention du président Charles Michel lors du One Planet Summit Biodiversité

Merci pour cette initiative qui est essentielle. Parce que mettre la biodiversité au cœur du projet, c’est effectivement veiller à ce qu’on travaille tous ensemble, dans la coopération internationale, pour protéger notre environnement et pour protéger collectivement notre santé. Quelques points simplement pour ce qui me concerne.

Premier point. Nous savons toutes et tous, et le COVID-19 l’a remis en lumière de manière brutale, quel est le lien entre la perte de biodiversité et le développement des zoonoses. Et nous savons à quel point les trafics d’animaux ou le commerce d’animaux sauvages peut donner lieu à des grandes difficultés. Nous savons qu’il y a d’ailleurs dans la nature 1,6 million de virus non encore détectés, qui sont probablement liés à cette transmission entre l’espèce humaine et les animaux.

Le premier point touche donc à la forêt et à l’importance de ne pas perdre de vue que 30% de la surface terrestre est couverte par des forêts, représentant 80% de notre biodiversité. C’est pour cela qu’il y a un enjeu majeur. Je salue les initiatives françaises sur le sujet, mais aussi l’ensemble des pays qui sont également mobilisés pour travailler à des alliances afin de mobiliser des protections de la forêt et de gestion durable de la forêt.

Et là, il y a certainement un rôle dans le cadre européen qui est essentiel au train de la coopération internationale en matière de développement. L’Union européenne est un acteur engagé sur ce terrain, notamment pour tenter de mieux développer et soutenir les systèmes de santé, d’une part. C’est un objectif que nous partageons toutes et tous. Et d’autre part, il y a cet enjeu, spécialement en Afrique mais pas seulement, de la gestion des forêts.

L’Union européenne doit aussi, sur notre propre territoire, être engagée. C’est ce que nous faisons dans le cadre de la stratégie 2030, puisque nous sommes engagés à protéger strictement les forêts primaires. Nous sommes aussi engagés à planter à l’horizon 2030 3 milliards d’arbres, c’est aussi un engagement important, qui donne un signal essentiel. Nous devons continuer aussi à développer des zones qui soient des zones protégées.

Encore deux points rapidement. Il faut continuer à travailler, comme c’est le cas aujourd’hui, pour rehausser l’engagement politique et la conscience de ce que ce sujet est important. D’autres l’ont dit avant moi, je ne vais pas être trop détaillé par rapport à cela. Évidemment, les 20 objectifs d’Aichi – et on en est loin – doivent être la boussole dans le cadre de laquelle nous devons travailler.

Et puis, un dernier point que je souhaiterais faire en profitant encore une fois de cette tribune. J’ai eu l’occasion de l’exprimer déjà, dans le cadre du G20 et dans le cadre d’autres réunions bilatérales avec les uns et les autres: c’est cette idée d’un traité international pour prévenir les pandémies et pour gérer les pandémies lorsque l’on y est confronté. Pour tirer les leçons de ce COVID-19, échanger les données, échanger les informations. J’ai eu l’occasion aussi d’en parler abondamment avec Tedros Ghebreyesus, et je le remercie pour son plein engagement également sur le sujet. J’en ai parlé également à Boris Johnson dans le cadre de la présidence du G7, qui est aussi prêt à être mobilisé parce que certainement, il y a là un levier supplémentaire pour poser des actes intelligents, des actes dans l’esprit de la coopération internationale, et qui nous permettraient de tirer les leçons de cette crise qui frappe le monde, le COVID-19

Voilà les quelques éléments que je voulais partager avec vous. Encore une fois, merci à tous les amis présents, mobilisés. Merci à la France et à son président pour cette initiative. Et vous pouvez compter sur le travail de l’Union européenne pour tenter de faire des pas positifs afin de s’insérer dans la coopération pour relever ensemble ce défi.